[1945007Immagini]: ShutterstockFor almost 5-6 weeks were not yet sure about the pregnancy; and finally, when the news hits, it came with tons of pregnancy symptoms. Now you can breathe easily, will be a pleasant surprise for you to realize you are so good in your 16th week of pregnancy. At this stage, you should have completed the MMS (Multi Marker Screen) test to check for abnormalities.
MMS measures alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) to see if the baby is growing properly in your lap. If the reports were no abnormalities in the fetus, doctors recommend additional tests to rule out remaining doubt. Let us discuss more about other tests you may need to undergo as a result
16 weeks of pregnancy. - Quickening:
You I can not believe you're already in the 16th week of pregnancy. The highlight, if it happens this week, would the baby moves in your lap. The feeling may be one of the most exciting moments ever. Many women rate it directly over their first kiss or anything else I have ever experienced in their lives
When you hear the fetal movement for the first time, is known as acceleration .; the name comes from the word fast, which means alive. This is the first natural sensation that feels as if the baby is tapping into you the womb. It may also feel like the butterfly beat, but these feelings eventually become stronger and more frequent in the later stages of your 16 weeks of pregnancy, when you can feel as if the baby is kicking the wall of your womb!
Many women fail to detect the acceleration, thinking it must be hunger pangs or gas. It is not the abdominal muscles that feel the movement of the baby, but the muscles of your uterus; therefore, your physical stature has no say in the matter. If this is not your first pregnancy, it is easy for you to identify the movement of the child. Some believe that as early as week 14.
If this is your first pregnancy, your satisfaction to hear the little life moves inside you may be delayed for another week or two. Keep looking for it and soon to know, what does it mean for you to hear the first touch of the child
[Read: 17 weeks of ] pregnancy.
changes in your body:
at this point, your body is producing more blood about 50% of what it was producing earlier. This increased blood flow can cause pregnancy glow on your face. Part of it comes from increased oil production, by hormones. Below are some more changes that you will find at the moment :.
- When you stand in front of the mirror to look for that elusive bump, the appearance and size of the breast may catch the eye
- your milk glands are already working and the production of secretions, in addition to an increase of blood flow which makes it the most prominent veins.
- your waistline is definitely expanding and stretching. You may have gained about 5 to 10 pounds per week 16. 8 ½ ounces of weight comes from your uterus itself.
- The amount of amniotic fluid is increased to a large extent so that your child is safe and sound in your lap.
- a week, 16 will have about 7-8 ounces of amniotic fluid for your child to swim.
Beginning of weight gain:
It 's very difficult to find a woman who would be happy to accept' weight gain, no matter what the reason. During pregnancy, you might feel uncomfortable to see your body accumulate kilo after kilo each passing day. If you eat right minimizing junk food and maximizing nutrient-rich foods that you and your baby feeds, you can limit unnecessary increase of weight without interfering with the development of your child.
Just know that weight gain during pregnancy (within the required amount) will mean that you and your baby healthy. Accept your new form and state proudly. Maternity wear fashionable clothes and show the belly. Raise that chin up!
weaker Immunity:
You They are having a weaker immune system during pregnancy, which can lead to coughs, colds or fever to you more often than you would normally. It 'just a nuisance in passing, that will not hurt your child anyway. But there are some other infections such as genital herpes, rubella, or varicella, which could be hazardous to the child's growth. It must pay attention to practical dietary and health measures in good health at the moment
[Read: 4th month of pregnancy Diet ].
Screening for abnormalities in the second Trimester:
Usually, MMS or MSAFP tests offered to pregnant women in the second quarter to measure the production of alpha-fetaprotein from the fetus. If this level is abnormal indicates a possibility of a Down's syndrome or neural tube defects such as spina bifida
Note :. It 'just an indication and does not confirm. In these cases, additional tests such as ultrasound and amniocentesis would predict your baby's been more accurately
Amniocentesis :.
Amniocentesis is a very important prenatal test, usually performed after the detection of abnormalities in either MMS or MSAFP testing. Amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) can determine whether a baby has certain genetic disorders or a chromosomal abnormality, such as Down syndrome. The test is generally done between 16- 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Although the test is optional, recommended for all women who are pregnant, it is highly only recommended if you have a higher risk for genetic and chromosomal problems; The reason is that the test is invasive and carries a small risk of miscarriage.
How Is amniocentesis done?
Before conducting amniocentesis, you will have to undergo ultrasound to check the basic anatomy of your baby. During the procedure, an ultrasound is used to locate a bag of amniotic fluid a safe distance from both the baby and the placenta. Continuing the ultrasound guidance, a thin needle, and long cable is inserted into the amniotic fluid pocket if the abdomen. About an ounce (2 tablespoon) of amniotic fluid is sucked into the needle before removing the needle.
The actual process of inserting and removing the needle is often less than a minute, but locate the amniotic fluid pocket away from the baby and the placenta can take longer. The entire procedure may be accompanied by a certain amount of discomfort, such as cramps, pinching the feeling or the pressure, in some cases, while some women do not feel anything. The discomfort may be different not only from one woman to another woman, but also from a pregnancy to another pregnancy in the same woman.
You have an option to do the procedure under local anesthesia. But, the discomfort can be achieved by the injection of anesthesia is going to be something similar or worse than the puncture needle amniocentesis; So, think twice before opting for the regime. Doctors often monitor heartbeat and movements of the baby for a reassurance that everything is OK in your womb
The fluid is sent to a lab for tests which may include :.
- genetic and chromosomal abnormalities.
- measurement of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels.
- Collection living cells of the child from the fluid so that they can reproduce in the laboratory for a week or two. The resulting cells are checked for chromosomal abnormalities and for some genetic birth defects.
- The results would take about two weeks, but some predictions based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be delivered in a day or two. It must be a relief for you to know that most women who undergo amniocentesis to have good news about their children that frees the mind from worries about their child for the remainder of their pregnancy.
Need for amniocentesis:
is recommendedamniocentesis during the 16th week of pregnancy, for the following reasons:
- to measure the maturity of the lungs, which determines if the baby has to be delivered early for medical reasons or not.
- to either diagnose or rule out any form of intrauterine infection of the fetus.
- to verify the presence of blood sensitization (this can be detected by Doppler as well).
- For the detection of almost all chromosomal disorders, including Down syndrome, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, and sex chromosome abnormalities such as Turner syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome. Amniocentesis is more than 99 percent accurate in diagnosing these abnormalities in the fetus.
- Amniocentesis can identify more than a hundred anomalies in the fetus such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia and Tay-Sachs disease.
- to determine the presence of neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly.
Unfortunately, amniocentesis can not detect other structural birth defects such as heart defects or cleft lip or cleft palate. The structural defects can be identified by ultrasound which is normally done for all women undergoing amniocentesis
Risk factors for genetic abnormality or disorder after presentation :.
- Indication of Down syndrome in the screening results.
- Indication of fetal defects associated with chromosomal problems.
- parents are carriers of recessive genetic disorder such as cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia.
- The past history of brothers born with genetic abnormalities.
- The presence of chromosomal abnormalities or genetic disorder in the family history.
- Women get pregnant at an advanced age, ie after 35.
Factors to consider before taking amniocentesis test :
Before undergoing the test, discuss the pros and cons of it with your spouse, doctor, and family.
- Many couples are very sure they would terminate the pregnancy if any abnormality is detected in the child. These couples often opt for screening tests.
- There are some who are not sure what they're going to do if any abnormality is detected in the child. These couples often try to escape to make the decision, avoiding the screening test in the first place.
Finally, know that undergoing any screening test is your choice. And 'quite up to your to take a proper decision
Changes in your child :.
This week is the time to not only look at what goes into your mouth, but what comes out of it. With all the small bones in the ear developed and in place, you can hear what you say!
- Start introducing her unborn child for lullabies you are going to sing to her after she was born. It is believed that the child will connect to it while she is in your womb.
- His little heart is pumping out nearly 25/4 (6 gallons) of blood every day. The urinary tract is now able to carry out the most complicated functions.
- your baby's head is more erect than it was in the previous week. His eyes and ears are now in their respective positions, that are not going to change again. It looks like a miniature form of the child about to be born.
- Now that everything is set in place, in the next few weeks, your child will go through a growth spurt.
- Your baby now measures 4 ½ - 5 inches long and can weigh anywhere between 3-5 ounces. She is the size of a medium avocado now
Care and tips for pregnancy Week 16 :.
- make a firm decision about screening tests and what you want to do. Before making the decision, the less you have to worry.
- Now that the cross is displayed, you can start taking pictures standing in the same position in the same place every week from now on. You can have fun with the film in stop motion after the pregnancy is over.
- Since you are going through a phase of lean immunity, ask your doctor about the safest way to be vaccinated against certain diseases.
- start looking for the acceleration, or your baby's movements. Enjoy the special bond with your baby in a special way
[Read: Pregnancy Calendar ].
Tips for dad-to-be:
When your partner announces that she can feel the baby moving inside her womb, you will have a great temptation to feeling well. Unfortunately, you will have to wait long before I hear. For now you have to be satisfied by talking and getting your child familiar with your voice.
I hope you follow the tips and care when you are 16 weeks pregnant. Remember the more you take care, it is the safest pregnancy
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